Jackson Heights, Queens, New York City
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Jackson Heights is a neighborhood in north-western portion of the borough of Queens in New York City, USA. The neighborhood is part of Queens Community Board 3.
Jackson Heights is an urban melting pot with many ethnic populations, but mainly consists of Latin Americans, multi-generational European, and Asian Americans. It is one of the most diverse neighborhoods in the United States and the entire world. The Hispanic American population consists of a various mix of Latinos from many Latin American countries, mainly Ecuador, Colombia (67,000 population), Bolivia, Mexico, Argentina and Uruguay.There is also a large population of Europeans of multi-generational Italian, Jewish, Polish, Irish, and Russian descent. The Asian American community includes immigrants from India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, China, Korea, and the Philippines. Little India is located around the intersection of Roosevelt Avenue and 74th Street, near Broadway (distinct from Broadway in Manhattan).
History
Most of the neighborhood is a National Register Historic District and about half is a designated New York City Historic District by the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission. It is comprised of large Garden Apartment buildings (the term was invented for buildings in Jackson Heights) and many groupings of private homes. It was a planned development laid out by Edward A. MacDougall's Queensboro Corporation beginning about 1917, and following the arrival of the No. 7 elevated line between Manhattan and Flushing. The community was initially planned as a place for middle to upper-middle income workers from Manhattan to raise their families. The Jackson Heights New York City Historic District ranges from parts of 88th Street through the low 70's. The Jackson Heights New York State and National Register Districts range from parts of 91st Street through part of 69th Street. A former golf course located between 76th and 78th Streets and 34th and 37th Avenues was built upon during the 1940s.
Jackson Heights is among the first garden city communities built in the United States, as part of the international Garden City movement at the turn of the last century. There are more private parks (historically called gardens by the residents) within walking distance of each other than in any other city in America. They are tucked in the mid-blocks, mostly hidden from view by the buildings surrounding them. Several approach the size of Gramercy Park in Manhattan, and one is slightly larger. As befits private parks, unless given an invitation, the key to gain entry is to own a co-op around its perimeter. The basis for the private ownership of the parks of Jackson Heights is derived from its founding principle; as a privately-owned little garden city, built largely under the oversight of one person. The private gardens help make the historic part of the neighborhood highly desirable.
The Historic District of Jackson Heights is also the more affluent part of Jackson Heights in its entirety.
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